Horizontal mold



R. G. COATES HORIZONTAL MOLD May 13 1924. I 1,493,603

Filed April 21. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet l 1,493,603 y 13 v 1924 R. 6. comesHORIZONTAL MOLD Filed April 21. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet Z Patented May is.1924;

nnrrao STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BAY G. COATES, OF PASADENA, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO VALLEY MOULD IRONCORPORATION, OF SHARPSVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

HORIZONTAL MOLD.

Application filed April 21, 1921. Serial No. 463,160.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, RAY G. Collins, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of'the. city of Pasadena, in the county of lurgy and moreespecially to a horizontal mold for casting ingots.

The principal object of the present invention is a combined moldbody andstool arranged in such manner that an end of the mold body is open to asuitable runnelr which may be carried by a portion of the stool.

Another object of the present invention is a combined mold body andstool and wherein one end of the mold body is closed by a memberangular-1y disposed'on the stool and which may comprise eitheranintegral portion or a separate piece adapted to be secured to the baseof the stool by appropriate fastenings. i

A still further object of the present in vention is a suitable runnertile adapted to be mounted in the extension from the stool and whereinthe runner tile is provided with a channel for feeding metal and a ventchannel for permitting the escape ofgases from the mold. p a

A still further and specific object of the present invention is afountain provided on one side thereof with a suitable gas outletchannel. Still more specifically'the present invention contemplates theprovision of a detachable mold body from an L-shaped inclined stool andwherein the vertical portion of the L-shaped stool is provided with awedge shaped recess in which a sectional runner tile provided with sandgrooves in t the sides thereof is adapted to be set. 4

Other and further objects of the present invention will in part beobvious and will in part be pointed out hereinafter in the specificationfollowing by reference to the accompanying drawings wherein like partsare represented by like characters throughout the several figuresthereof.

Realizing the present invention may be embodied in constructions otherthan those herein specifically shown and described, it

is desired the present disclosure shall be considered as illustrativeand not in the limiting sense.

Figure 1 is a mid-section through one embodiment of the presentinvention;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the device shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the fountain;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a stool in accordance with the presentinvention;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of a cover adapted to cooperate with thestool;

Heretofore in the art the majority of steel ingots have been cast invertical molds, al-

though it has been proposed to cast ingots in horizontal molds. Incasting ingots in horizontal molds the operations are slightly morecomplicated than where the casting is performed in vertical molds. Thepresent invention is intended to simplify horizontal casting operationsand to provide minimum accessory parts and which are adapted for reuseand thereby further simplify both the parts and the casting operations.

The present invention overcomes the difliculties of the known art byproviding an angular stool having'guiding lugs on the'base thereof andwith an upstanding portion on one end of the base which is adapted tocooperatewith an open endedcover or bodymember that'may be readily seton the stool and forced against the upstanding, end by a wedge or othersuitable construction. This upstanding head on the stool is providedwith a centrally located wedge shaped opening, either wedge shapedvertically or horizontally), in which a sectional runner tile havingsand grooves in the sides thereof is adapted to be set. The runner tileis Wedge shaped to correspond to the opening and may be provided -withan interlocking tongue and groove so that the parts are easily fittedtogether and may be dropped into place in the stool head either beforeor after the body member is positioned on the stool and without dangerof the runner tile being broken by'any manipulation in setting or movingthe body of the mold. When the runner tile is set a runner opening leadsvertically downward to the base thereof and enters the matrix portion ofthe mold adjacent the lower portion of one end.

- the mold therefore continues the conduit upwardl to a heightsubstantially equal to the dept of the fountain so. that there is nodanger of metal escaping through the gas outlet during the final stagesof pouring operations when the mold is filled. Preferably the mold bodyis inclined so that gas outlet is at the higher portion of the moldbody. When the pouring is finished and the metal slightly cooledsufficiently to be solidified, the fountain may be pried off and thenafter the metal has further cooled, so that the ingot will not bleed,the body of the mold may be removed from the stool and the i ingotlifted from the stool.

Referring now to the drawings, the mold body 1 comprises an open endedcover member provided with lifting staples 2. and a hollow matrix 4. Oneend of the body is provided with an upstanding chill wall 5. This coverorbody portion is adapted to set upon an inclined stool 6, having a base7 and a head or closing member 8. The sides of the base 7 of the stoolmay be provided with suitable aligning lugs 9 which assist inpositioning the cover or body portion on the stool. The closing member 8erected on the stool may be integral with the stool, or it may be aseparate piece secured to it by its own weight or by a suitablefastening. When the cover is placed on the stool the open end of the.cover or chill wall 5 is placed against the closing member therebyforming a closed mold. A runner tile formed of sections 10 and 11 maybe. placed in the head either before or after the cover has been placedon the stool since the tile cavity 12 and the runner tile both have 'avery large draught, thereby allowing the ready placing of the tile. Atthe. end of the stool away from the closing member 8 a boss orprojection 1a is cast so as to furnish an abutment for a wedge shapedpiece 15 which is inserted between the cover and the boss. The object ofthis is to prevent any longitudinal movement of the cover away from theclosing member due to any ferrostatic pressures. Since the internalpressure against the cover tends to partially neutralize the weight ofthe cover it therefore reduces the friction between the cover and thestool. The wedge 15 should be merely pressed in byhand and not mes esand more roomy clearances between the tile and the closing member. Thisfine material will readily penetrate the clearance spaces and fill thembut will clog in theclay wash and therefore the latter will preventleakage of the sand into the mold. This construction prevents theformation of fins around the tile. The sand grooves 16 shown are largeenough in section to permit the loose refractory material to flow freelyand thus do away with the necessity of working this material into thenarrower parts of the clearance spaces between the tile and the Iclosing member.

It is evident that the sand grooves 16 simply locally increase theclearance spaces between the tile and the tile cavity for the purpose offeeding the narrow parts of the clearance spaces with the powderedrefractory. As thus fed it has but a short distance to travel in thenarrower spaces before filling them. Consequently the'filling is apt tobe more complete than if the refractory has to be worked down through along distance of narrow passage. It will also be evident that the tileneed not have the sand grooves but that they may be made in the sides ofthe cavity and the same results effected.

The runner tile contains a passage 17 for conveying the fluid, steelintothe mold as is clearly shown in the sketches. It also contains a channel18 next the cover 1 which channel connects with the mold matrix at itshighest point, and this channel forms a vent for the mold gases up tothe instant that the mold is filled with fluid metal. For a given crosssectional area this channel may have a shape from nearly square, on theone hand, to very long and narrow on the other. With a large perimeterin proportion to the cross sectional area of this channel a rapidchilling effect will be experienced by any metal rising from the mold.W'ith a smaller perimeter for the same cross sectional area a less rapidchilling effect will occur. Therefore the rapidity with which any ventmetal will chill and therefore seal the ingot is controllable in thedesignf The fountain 19 is preferably of cast iron or cast steel. It isto be kept liberally coated with slurry, or other non-conducting wash.after the usual practice. Since the object of the fountain is to guidethe metal runningfrom the ladle into the runner channel 17 lit) bottomoutlet should be of a similar shape to the opening 17 in the runner tileso that the fountain and the runner tile channel will form one smoothpassage for the fluid metal. hen the shape of the runner channel is asdescribed herein later the outlet of the fountain will have to beparticularly placed so as tomeet the shape of the runner channel. Whenthe fountain is in this position that side 20 of the fountain which istowards the cover is to be so formed as to come in contact with thecover for some distance. In this contact plane is formed a continuationof the previously described vent from the mold. One side of thiscontinuation is formed by the cover, and the others by the side of thefountain which is set up against it. Thus the completed vent is formedin two parts, a lower section between the cover and the tile and anupper section between the cover and the fountain. The top of this vcompleted vent is nearly as high as the highest point of the fountainand higher than the fluid metal stands in it, therefore, no overflow canoccur from ferrostatic pressures alone. Overflows due to rising or wildsteel are to be prevented by the chilling action of the vent on anymetal rising through it and this, as previously stated, may be largelycontrolled in the design. The total cross sectional area of the vent isto be such as to give the necessary relief for the mold gases. The firsteffect of the entering hot metal during the pouring operation is torapidly expand the air and gases in the mold cavity and this results ina mold blow as the gases pass through the vent. After this stage, whichis but momentary, there is simply a slow displacement of the mold gasesby the infiowing metal.

In amold made as herein described the entire outside of the ingot, withthe exception of that part in contact with the runner tile, is chilled.To reduce this non-chilled area to the minimum it is therefore desirablethat the runner tile be made as narrow, with reference to the width ofthe ingot, as possible. This may be accomplished by not making therunner channel 17 round but of an oval form with the narrow dimension in.the. direction of the width of the ingot. This will reduce. the totalwidth of tile required for a given cross sectional area of runnerchannel.

.The runner tile disclosed in this application is not claimed herein,but forms the subject matter of a divisional application.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A mold for casting horizontal steel ingots, comprising a stool havingon one end thereof a member angularly disposed to the fiat base of thestool, in combination with an open ended open sided body portion adaptedto set on said base with the open side of the body closed by said flatbase and with the angularly disposed member closing the open end of thebody portion.

2. A. mold for casting horizontal steel ingots, comprising a stoolhaving on one end thereof a member angularly disposedto the base of thestool, means in. said member to support a runner tile, in combinationwith an open ended trough-like body portion adapted to be inverted onsaid base and with the. angularly disposed member closing the open endof the body portion.

3. A mold for casting horizontal ingots, comprising a stool having onone end thereof a member angularly disposed to the base of the stool, incombination with an open ended trough-like body portion adapted to beinverted on said base and with the angularly disposed member closing theopen end of the body portion, and means to clamp said body portionagainst said member.

4. A mold for casting horizontal ingots, comprising a stool having onone end thereof a member angularly disposed to the base of the stool,means in said member to support a runner tile, in combination with anopen ended trough-like body portion adapted to be inverted on said baseand with the angularly disposed member closing the open end of the bodyportion, and means to clamp said body portion against said member.

5. A mold for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising an inclinedstool, a closure member mounted on one end of said stool, an open endedtrough-like body adapted to set .on said stool and with the closuremember adapted to close one end of the body, and a runner tile set insaid closure member.

6. A mold for castin horizontal steel ingots comprising an inc inedstool, a closure member mounted on one end of said stool,

an open ended body adapted to set on. said stool and with the closuremember adapted to close one end of the body, a gas outlet between theclosure member and the end of the body, and a runner tile set in saidclosure member.

7. A mold for casting horizontal steel in;- gots comprising an inclinedstool, a closure member mounted on one end of said stool, an open endedtrough-like body adapted to set on said stool and with the closuremember adapted to close one end of the body, and a runner tile set insaid closure member and against the body member so that the body memberholds said tile in place.

8. A mold for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising an inclinedstool, enclosure member mounted on'one end of said stool. an open endedbody adapted to set on said stool and with the closure member adapted toclose one end of the body, a gas outlet between the closure member andthe end of the body, and a runner tile set in said closo that the bodymember holds said tile in place.

9. A mold for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising a stool, aclosure head on one end of said stool, an open ended troughlike bodyportion adapted to be mounted in inverted position on said stool, saidclosure head being provided with a wedge shaped opening adapted toreceive a suitable runner ti e.

10. A mold for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising an L-shapedstool, an open ended body portion adapted to be mounted on said stool,the vertical arm of said stool being provided with a wed e shapedopening adapted to receive a suitabde runner tile.

11. A mold for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising a stool, aclosure head on one end of said stool, an open ended trough-like bodyportion adapted to be mounted on said stool, said closure head hea ingprovided with a wedge shaped opening adapted to receive a suitablerunner tile' said runner tile being adapted to strip from said stoolwhen the ingot is raised from the stool.

12. A mold for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising an L-shapedstool, an open ended body portion adapted to be mounted on said stool,the vertical arm of said stool being provided with a wedge shapedopening adapted to receive a suitable runner tile said runner tile beingadapted to strip from said stool when the ingot is raised from thestool.

13. A device for castin horizontal steel ingots comprising the comination of an inclined stool, a closure head on the upper end of saidinclined stool, a body portion havingan open end and adapted to set onsaid stool in such manner that the closurehead closes said openend, saidclosure head being provided with a wedge shaped opening to receive asuitable runner tile, and a fountain adapted to be mounted over saidopening.

14. device for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising thecombination of an inclined stool, a closure head on the upper end ofsaid inclined stool, a body portion having an open end and adapted toset on said stool in such manner that the closure head closes said openend, said closure head being provided with a wedge shaped opening toreceive a suitable runner tile, a multi-part wedge shaped runner tileadapted to set in said opening, a fountain adapted to be mounted oversaid opening.

15. A device for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising thecombination of an inclined stool, a closure head on the upper endof'said inclined stool, a body portion having an open end and adapted toset on said stool in such manner that the closure head messes closessaid open end, said closure head being provided with a wedge shapedopening to receive a suitable runner tile, a multipart wedge shapedrunner tile adapted to set in said opening, means to clamp saidbodyagainst said head, a fountain adapted to be mounted over said openin16. Adevice .for casting honzontal steel ingots comprising incombinatidn a stool having an integral closure head on one end thereof,a body portion having an open end and an open side,'said body portionbeing adapted to set on said stool in such manner that the closure headcloses the end of said body portion and the base of the stool closes theopen side, an abutment on said stool, and wedge means forholding saidbody portion against the closure head.

17. A device for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising incombination a stool having an integral closure head on one end thereof,a body portion having an open end and an open side, said body portionbeing adapted to set on said stool in such manner that the closure headcloses the end of said body portion, a multi-part runner adapted to beclamped in place in said head by said body portion, an abutment on saidstool, and wedge means for holding said body portion against the closurehead.

18. A device for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising incombination a stool having an integral closure head on one end thereof,a body portion having an open end and adapted to set on said stool insuch manner that the closure head closes the end of said body portion, amulti-part runner adapted to be clam d in place in said head by saidbody portion, sand grooves in the sides of the runner tile whereby thetile is not keyed down by metal and leaves the head when the ingot islifted, an abutment on said stool, and wedge means for holding said bodyportion against the closure head.

19. A device "for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising incombination a stool provided with a closure head, a body portion havingan open end and with a chill wall extending upwardly adjacent said openend, and a fountain adapted to set against said chill wall and on saidclosure head.

20. A device for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising incombination a stool provided with a closure head, a body portion havingan open end adapted to be closedby said closure head. a runner tile insaid head, and a fountain adapted to set on said closure head. i

21; A device for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising incombination a stool provided with a closure head, a body portion havingan open end adapted to be closed bysaid closure head. a runner tile insaid head, a gas outlet in the side of the maaeoa runner tile, and afountain adapted to set on said closure head.

22. A device for casting horizontal ingotscomprising a stool having aclosure head on one end thereof, an open ended troughlike body portionadapted to set on said stool with the head closing the open end thereof,a wedge shaped opening in said closure head, a multi-part; wedge shapedtile setting in said opening, and a fountain over said runner tile.

23. A device for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising .a stoolhaving a closure head on one end thereof, an open ended body portionadaptedto set on said stool with the head closin the open, end thereof,a Wedge shape closure head, a multi-part wedge shaped tile setting insaid opening, sand groove channels between the sides of the runner andthe walls of the opening, and a fountain over said runner tile.

24. A device for casting horizontal steel ingots cdmprising a stoolhaving a closure head on one end thereof, an open ended body portionadapted to set on said stool opening in said side wall of the tile, anda fountain over said runner tile.

25. A device for casting horizontal ingots comprising afbody portion, afountain adapted to abut against said body portion,

and'a gas outlet between said fountain and said-body portion.

26. A device for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising a stoolprovided with a closure head, a body portion comprising an open invertedtrough adapted to set on said stool; said body. portion being providedwith an upwardly extending chill wall, a runner tile in said closurehead, a fountain adapted to set over said runner tile, and a gas outletbetween said fountain and said chill wall.

27. A device for casting horizontal steel ingots comprising a moldbodyhaving a substantially vertical chill wall, a fountain adapted to setadjacent saidchill wall, a

- gas outlet between said chill wall and said fountain, and a runnertile leading from said fountain into the matrix of said body portion.28.- A ing a flat base stool with a closing member at one end, and aninverted open-sided open-ended body set on said stool wherebv said sideand end are closed by said stool and member respectively.

RAY G. COATES.

mold for casting ingots compris-

